El documento presenta la planificación y simulación de redes de telecomunicaciones móviles UMTS y LTE mediante el uso de tecnología Small Cell en entornos heterogéneos para proponer soluciones a operadores de incursión real en escenarios de Cochabamba para lograr eficiencia en el uso de recursos de radio frecuencia un estado de alta carga de tráfico de voz y datos, y de esta manera lograr mejores utilidades. La metodología se basa en un desarrollo analítico, diseño e implementación que tiene lugar en primera instancia en la recolección de información. En los siguientes pasos, se identificaron los requisitos del proyecto, se compararon las especificaciones técnicas de los proveedores y se diseñaron las redes con tecnología Small Cell. Se procedió a realizar una etapa de simulación y finalmente un paso de validación. Se concluyó que el proyecto es factible donde se cumplen requisitos de levantamiento territorial, servicios de voz y datos, cobertura de ambientes indoor u outdoor, mejora en gestión de usuarios de movilidad y transporte, y mejoramiento en desempeño de parámetros RSCP, RSRP, RSRQ, relación señal a ruido, capacidad de usuarios, soluciones específicas y beneficios económicos en escenarios de despliegue.

The document presents the planning and simulation of UMTS and LTE mobile telecommunications network by the use of Small Cells technology in heterogeneous environments solutions for real foray operators in Cochabamba to achieve efficiency in resource usage in a state of high traffic load of voice and data, and therefore achieve better utilities. The methodology is based on analytical development, planning, and simulation which take place in the first instance with the collection of information. In the following steps, the project requirements were identified, a vendor technical specifications comparison was made, and the Small Cell networks were designed by radio access network planning, cell distribution and dimensioning, transportation cadasters definition, technical equipment parametrization, and frequency plan determination. Finally a procedure of simulation for coverage predictions and design validation was made. It is concluded that the project is feasible and complies with technical requirements for land survey, services demand on voice and data, coverage for indoor or outdoor environments, mobility and transport users, parameters performance on RSCP, RSRP, RSRQ signal-to-noise ratio, capacity of users, specific scenario solutions and economic benefits on deployments.

Neste artigo avaliamos o risco de crédito para toda a economia, almejando o estudo da estabilidade financeira. Esta análise usa como proxy o crédito distribuído pelo sistema bancário. Usamos um modelo paramétrico não-linear, baseado no framework estrutural de Merton, para análise do risco associado a cada portfólio de empréstimos. Neste modelo, o default ocorre quando o retorno de um agente econômico cai abaixo de um certo ponto de corte que depende de diferentes variáveis macroeconômicas. Usamos este modelo para acessar o módulo de risco de crédito em testes de estresse para o sistema bancário local. Também estimamos as "elasticidades" das categorias de crédito correspondentes ao crédito corporativo e crédito pessoal, tanto em moeda local como em dólares americanos. Obtemos os parâmetros para o modelo maximizando uma função verossimilhança que contém um fator aleatório latente com distribuição normal.

In this paper we evaluate credit risk of the economy as a whole, aiming at the study of the financial stability. This analysis uses as proxy the credit granted by the banking system. We use a non-linear parametric model based on Merton's structural framework for the analysis of the risk associated to a loan portfolio. In this model, default occurs when the return of an economic agent falls under certain threshold which depends on different macroeconomic variables. We use this model to assess the credit risk module in stress tests for the local banking system. We also estimate the "elasticities" of credit categories correspondig to corporate credit and consumer credit, both in national currency and american dollars. We obtain the parameters for the model using maximum likelihood, where the likelihood function contains a random latent factor which is assumed to follow a normal distribution.